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| IMAGE:wikipedia.org |
TRIPTI SRIVASTAVA | PROLINGO NEWS
The history of professional translation can be traced back thousands of years, as translation has always played a crucial role in facilitating communication between different languages and cultures. Here is a brief overview of the history of professional translation:
Ancient and Classical Periods:
Translation has roots in ancient civilizations such as Mesopotamia, Egypt, and China, where scribes and interpreters were employed to facilitate communication between different languages. The ancient Greek and Roman civilizations also made significant contributions to translation. Notable figures like Herodotus and Cicero recognized the importance of accurate translation and advocated for the study and practice of translation.
Religious Translations:
Religious texts played a significant role in the development of translation as a profession. The translation of sacred texts, such as the Bible, the Quran, and Buddhist scriptures, became crucial for spreading religious ideas and doctrines. Notable translation projects include the translation of the Bible into different languages, such as the Latin Vulgate by St. Jerome in the 4th century.
Middle Ages and Renaissance:
During the Middle Ages, translation efforts focused on translating ancient Greek and Roman texts into Latin. Monastic scholars played a crucial role in preserving and translating classical works. The Renaissance period witnessed a renewed interest in translating texts from Greek, Latin, and Arabic into vernacular languages. Prominent translators during this period include Erasmus and Leonardo da Vinci.
Development of Translation Theory:
The 18th and 19th centuries saw the emergence of translation as a distinct academic discipline. The work of translation theorists like Friedrich Schleiermacher and Eugene Nida contributed to the development of translation theory. These scholars explored the complexities of translation, considering linguistic, cultural, and contextual factors.
Technological Advancements:
The 20th century brought significant advancements in translation technology, transforming the profession. The introduction of typewriters, computers, and electronic dictionaries improved translation efficiency. The development of machine translation (MT) and computer-assisted translation (CAT) tools revolutionized the translation process, enabling translators to work more quickly and effectively.
Globalization and Professionalization:
In recent decades, globalization has led to an increased demand for professional translation services. With the expansion of international trade, communication, and cultural exchange, professional translators have become essential in bridging linguistic and cultural gaps. Professional translation associations and certifications, such as the American Translators Association (ATA) and the Chartered Institute of Linguists (CIOL), have been established to uphold professional standards and promote the recognition of translation as a respected profession.
Today, professional translation is a thriving field, encompassing various specializations, including legal, medical, technical, literary, and audiovisual translation. The advent of online platforms and remote work has further transformed the translation industry, allowing translators to collaborate globally and serve clients from anywhere in the world.
Overall, the history of professional translation reflects the ongoing human need to communicate and understand across languages and cultures. It has evolved from the early efforts of interpreters and scribes to a specialized profession, driven by advancements in technology, theory, and globalization.
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